Hello all,
Today I will continue talking about the Folk Costumes of Mongolia, with emphasis on the west. You can see various of these in the photo above. The three in the middle are Buryat, Khalkha and Üzemchin, the rest are from the western groups. I covered general information about the Mongols in the first part of this article. Here is another map of the ethnic composition of independent Mongolia. Most of these groups speak a language of the Oirat branch of the Mongolian language family.
Bayad Баяд
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayads
The Bayad live in the lavender region in the upper left of this map, on the border with Tuva. Like many of the western tribes, the men generally wear a white del with black ornament. The women wear a cone shaped hat, or one that is folded to the side.
Dörbet or Durvud Дөрвөд
The Durvud live just west of the Bayad, in the pink area shown on the map.Their clothing is also similar to that of the Bayad.
Khoton or Qotung Хотон
The Khoton live in Uvs Province in independent Mongolia to the southwest of Lake Uvs, as well as in Alxa League in Inner or Chinese Held Mongolia, where they Chinese call them Qotung. They are represented by a shade of brown in the map above.
This group is shown in pale green on west edge of the map. This group is shown in my Mongol language sources, but not in English, for some reason.
Myangad Мянгад
https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4
The Myangad live in the sandy colored part of the map, in the Myangad district of Khovd Province.The married women's outfit has separate puffed caps to the sleeve and has the hair separated into two wings, but again in a unique manner, different from that of the Khalkha.
The Zakhchin live in western Mongolia, shown here in brown. Zakhchin means frontiersmen in Mongol.
Torghut or Torgud Торгууд
The Torgud live in the western part of Khovd Province in Independent Mongolia, and also in Xingchiang in the Chinese Empire. They are shown in red on this map. Both men and women tend to wear round caps, in contrast to the cone shaped hats worn by other groups.
Kazakh Казах
The westernmost part of Mongolia is inhabited by Kazakh People, who are not a Mongolian group, but are a Turkic group who also live in Kazakhstan, Xingjiang, and other neighboring regions. They are shown in an orange color on this map. They are known for hunting with Golden Eagles.
Darkhad Дархад
The Darkhad are a Mongolian group which lives in Khövsgöl Province, in the far north of Mongolia, bordering Tuva and Buryatia.They are known for practicing shamanism. They are shown in a reddish brown color on this map. Both men and women wear simple practical clothing.
Uriankhai Урианхай
The term Uriankhai is used by the Mongols to refer to Tuvans, Altai, and other Turkic peoples which live in the fringes of Mongolia.
Dukha or Tsaatan Цаатан, духа́
The Dukha or Tsaatan are a very small Turkic ethnic group of reindeer herders found in Tuva and the edges of Mongolia.
And that concludes this article. It is not completely exhaustive, but it covers the groups mentioned in my books.
Thank you for reading, I hope that you have found this to be interesting and informative.
R Kozak
email: rkozakand@aol.com
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